Speed Maths for IBPS-RRB 2017, SBI PO & IBPS PO

Squaring

In this simple trick, we need to modify the equation and make the units digit zero. After all, it is easy to multiply when units digit is zero.

For example - Find square of 43

= (43+3) × (43-3) + (3×3)
=(46×40) + 9
= (460×4) + 9
= 1840 + 9 = 1849

Multiplication

Multiplication with 5

Simply multiply the number by 10 and then divide it by 2.
For example 99×5= 990/2= 495

Multiplication with 99

Multiply the number with 100 and then minus the same number from the result. Let's take an example
Multiply 32×99 = 3200 - 32 = 3168

Mixture

Questions related to mixtures can be easily solved by alligation method. By using alligation we can wide arrange of maths questions. Let me explain this with a simple example

Example

The price of wine of $60 per litre. If Samuel is adding water with and selling the mixture for $40 per litre. Profit margin remains same. What is the ratio of water and wine in the mixture?

To Find Square Root of a Number:

Square root of 4096:

Here the one's digit is having 6, so we will find square of which numbers from 1 to 9 are having 6 in the ones digit place which will be 4 and 6. So either 4 or 6 will form the one's digit of the square root of 4096.
⇒ Now we will find square of which number from 1 to 9 is the closest to the last two digits of 4096 i.e. 40 which will be 62 = 36. So either 64 or 66 can be the square root of 4096.
⇒ Now multiply this 6 with its next number 7 which will come as 42. As 40 is smaller than 42, hence the smaller number 64 will be the desired square root.

To Find Cube Root of a Number:

Cube Root of 19683:

⇒ Here the one's digit is having 3, so we will find cube of which numbers from 1 to 9 are having 3 in the ones digit place which will be 7. So 7 will form the one's digit of the cube root of 19683.

⇒ Now 19 falls between the cube of 2 and 3, so the smaller number between 2 and 3 i.e. 2 will form the tens digit of the cube root.

⇒ Hence, the cube root of 19683 will be 27.

Solving Quadratic Equations for solving Inequality problems:

a) x²-13x+40=0:

⇒ Here, Product = Coefficient of x2 × constant = 1 × 40=40
⇒ Add = (-1) × Coefficient of x = (-1) × (-13)= 13.
⇒ If the product is positive, the sign of the roots will be same and it will depend upon the sign of the Add. So in this case, the sign of the roots will be positive.
⇒ Hence, x = 8, 5

b) x²-x-6=0:

⇒ Here, Product = Coefficient of x2 constant = 1×(-6) = -6
⇒ Add = (-1)×Coefficient of x = (-1)×(-1) = 1
⇒ If the product is negative, the sign of the roots will be different and the sign of the bigger root will be similar to the sign of the Add and the sign of the smaller root will be the complementary. So in this case, the sign of the bigger root, 3 will be positive and the smaller root, 2 will be negative.
⇒ Hence, x = 3, -2

5. Computing Compound Interest:

a) C.I. for 2 years, CI₂ = R₂% × Principal where, R₂=2r|r² 

Example: Principal = 10,000; Rate = 12%; Time = 2years
Here, R2 = 2×12|12×12 = 24|144 = 25. 44
⇒ CI2 = 25.44% × 10000 = 2544

b) C.I. for 3 years, CI3 = R₃% × Principal where, R₃=3r|3r²|r³

Example: Principal = 25,000; Rate = 12%; Time = 3years
Here, R3 = 3×12|3×12×12|123 = 36|432|1728 = 40.4928
⇒ CI3 = 40.4928% × 25000 = 10123.20

Time and Work

Every question in time and work chapter can be solved easily by finding the efficiency of workers or subject (such as pipes).

For example - A takes 10 days to complete a job. B takes 20 days to complete the same job. In how many days they will complete the job if they work together?

⇒ A's efficiency = 100/10 = 10% per day
⇒ B's efficiency = 100/20 = 5% per days
⇒ A and B can do 15% of the work in a day if they work together. So they can do the whole job in 100/15 = 6.66 days or 6 days and 18 hours.

Profit and Loss

Profit/loss = Sales price - Cost price

In case of profit 
25% of  Cost Price (1/4 of CP) = 20% of Selling Price (1/5 of SP)
Similarly, 1/3 of CP  = 1/2 of SP

In case of loss
25% of  Selling Price (1/4 of SP) = 20% of Cost Price (1/5 of CP)
Similarly, 1/3 of SP  = 1/2 of CP

Number Series

In Number series questions, you need to find the pattern of series.

Let's take an example : 16, 26, 6, 46, -34, ?

There is a pattern in the difference between the numbers in the series.

Every consecutive difference is multiplied by -2.

Similar questions are asked in the exams.

Estimation

That's the most important technique. This is not a secret that every successful candidate is using this technique during exams.

Example - 112 × 92
Simply 112 × 9 = 1008
⇒ Add a zero 10080 and then add 224 to 10080.
⇒ Answer is 10304

You need to do all the calculations in your brain. Don't use paper. You need to divide complex calculations into parts and solve it in your brain without paper. That's how toppers do complex calculations during exams.

Right now it will be difficult for you to use this method but with practice, you will be able to do any complicated calculation within seconds.

Current Affairs: 7th July, 2017

1. Trilateral Malabar exercise to kick off on July 10

The Malabar naval exercise involving Indian, American and Japanese navies will kick start on July 10 in the Bay of Bengal, amid China's growing military assertiveness in the disputed South China Sea.

A sizeable number of aircraft, naval ships and nuclear submarines of the navies of the three countries will be part of the annual exercise.

India and the US have regularly conducted the annual exercise since 1992.

2. Italy passes bill to make torture illegal

Italian lawmakers have finally passed a bill making torture a crime under national law, after years of parliamentary back-and-forth.

Rome signed the UN Convention Against Torture in 1984 but had never transferred it into national legislation.

3. India slips to be 4th largest investor into UK

India has slipped by one spot to become the fourth-largest foreign investor into the UK, according to the official figures released.

The US remains on the top, investing in 577 projects in the UK, with China (including Hong Kong) remaining in second place with 160 projects.

India set up 127 new projects in Britain last year.

However, it lost its position as the third largest investor in the UK to France which set up 131 projects last year, according to the data.

4. India declares itself free from Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1 and H5N8)

India has declared itself free from Avian Influenza (H5N8 and H5N1) from 6th June, 2017 and notified the same to OIE.

India had reported outbreaks of Highly Pathogenic Avian influenza at various epicenters in Delhi, Gwalior (MP), Rajpura (Punjab), Hissar (Haryana), Bellary (Karnataka), Allappuzha and Kottayam (Kerala), Ahmedabad (Gujarat), Daman (Daman) and Khordha and Angul (Odisha during October, 2016 to February, 2017.

All the outbreaks of Avian Influenza (HPAI) mentioned above were notified to OIE and the control and containment operations were carried out as per the Action Plan on Preparedness, Control and Containment of Avian Influenza. 

5. “JIGYASA” - Student-Scientist connect programme launched

Jigyasa, a student- scientist connect programme was officially launched in the national capital.

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), has joined hands with Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan (KVS) to implement this programme.

The focus is on connecting school students and scientists so as to extend student’s classroom learning with that of a very well planned research laboratory based learning.

6. Garib Nawaz Skill Development Centres to be established in 100 districts of the country

The Minister of State for Minority Affairs (Independent Charge) & Parliamentary Affairs, Shri Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi said that Garib Nawaz Skill Development Centres will be established in 100 districts of the country which will effectively ensure employment oriented skill development of youth belonging to Minority communities.

Naqvi said that in next six months, Garib Nawaz Skill Development Centres, providing job oriented skill training in various fields, will be established in 100 districts.

7. EPFO ties up with 5 banks to collect PF dues

Retirement fund body EPFO has inked pacts with five banks for collections of PF dues.

The tie-ups with Bank of Baroda, ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank, Axis Bankand Kotak Mahindra Bank will help EPFO save around Rs 125 crore a year and expedite its investments as well as payment of benefits to its members.

Employers having bank account with these banks can now deposit PF dues directly in EPFO's account using internet banking in real time basis instead of going through the aggregator mode.

8. Indus OS partners with YES Bank to launch OS-integrated UPI platform

Indus OS has partnered with YES Bank to launch OS-integrated UPI (Unified Payment Interface) payment platform in India.

Users with Indus OS will be able to use this UPI payment platform on SMS/ messaging, dialler interface, and on third party apps like WhatsApp.

This means P2P transactions as well as utility payments can be made via SMS or messaging. The platform is expected to launch in this quarter.

9. India likely to clock GDP growth of 6.9 pc this fiscal

Indian economy is expected to recover in the coming quarters and the country is expected to clock a real GDP growth of 6.9 per cent in this financial year, says a report.

According to a report by BMI Research, India's growth is expected to pick up following the negative ramifications from the demonetisation drive in November 2016, but weak public banks will likely cap the recovery.

10. South Indian Bank ties up with PFG Forex

South Indian Bank has tied up with PFG Forex for remittance facility for the benefit of Indian expatriates from Australia.

The new facility will leverage the bank to reach the Indian diaspora.

Under this arrangement, NRIs can enjoy cost-effective and fast remittance services using SIB's Express facility.

NRIs can visit the PFG Forex outlets across Australia for remittances to India.

SIB is already having correspondent banking arrangement with National Australia Bank and Fly World Money Exchange for remittances to India.

11. Srei Teams Up With Russian Development Bank To Create $200 Mn IT Fund

Srei Infrastructure Finance Limited has joined hands with Russian Government-owned Vnesheconombank to create a $200 Mn fund.

The fund aims to facilitate innovation in the field of information technology (IT).

Headquartered at Kolkata, the family-run company signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the development bank last month, as part of the Indian government’s continued efforts to foster cooperation with Russia.

12. Kewal Handa appointed non-executive chairman of Union Bank

Kewal Handa has been appointed as non-executive chairman of Union Bank of India.

The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet has approved Handa’s appointment as non-official director/non-executive chairman of the bank.

Handa will hold the post for a period of three years.

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Current Affairs July 06, 2017

10th Session of the India- Jordan Trade and Economic Joint Committee (TEJC)

The 10TH India-Jordan Trade and Economic Joint Committee (TEJC) Meeting was held in New Delhi on 4th and 5th July, 2017 under the co-chairs of Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman, Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Commerce and Industry, Government of India, and H.E Eng. Mr. Yarub Qudah, Minister of Industry, Trade and Supply, the Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.

On this occasion, the two countries emphasized the need for diversification of bilateral trade and deepening their engagements for greater cooperation in investment sector.

The two leaders also inked the revised Economic and Trade Cooperation Agreement between the Government of the Republic of India, and the Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.

5th Meeting of BRICS Education Ministers held in Beijing

Meeting of BRICS Ministers of Education was held on 5th July, 2017 at Beijing, China.

The Indian delegation was led by Shri Prakash Javadekar, Minister of Human Resource Development, India.

Delegation of all the five BRICS countries participated in the two-day deliberations.

Before the meeting of Education Ministers, an international conference of Vice-Chancellors of the Universities participating in the BRICS Network University (BRICS-NU), meeting of International Governing Board (IGB) of BRICS-NU and meetings of International Thematic Group (ITGs) of BRICS-NU were held in Zhengzhou, China on July 1-3, 2017.

India, Israel to set up $40 mn research fund

India and Israel announced a strategic partnership between the two countries after a meeting between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Israeli counterpart Benjamin Netanyahu, and signed seven agreements in the fields of water, agriculture, space, including a $40 million joint fund for research and development in innovation.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and Israel Space Agency (ISA) also agreed for cooperation in atomic clocks.

AIIB approves USD 329 mn loan to build roads in Gujarat

China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) has approved USD 329 million loan to build access roads to 4,000 villages in Gujarat.

Insufficient road connectivity into these villages limits their ability to access healthcare services, bring their goods to market and access transportation for their children to attend schools, it said.

This project will construct and upgrade district and farm-to-market roads for the villagers and provide approaches to educational institutions, schools and hospitals.

Karnataka launches ‘Elevate 100’ scheme for start-ups

The Karnataka government has launched the ‘Elevate 100’ scheme to identify and nurture innovative start-ups.

The aim is to identify 100 most innovative start-ups in the state to elevate them to the next level of success.

The Elevate scheme is the brainchild of the start-up cell, Karnataka Biotechnology and Information Technology Services (KBITS).

India among 5 countries using wastewater for irrigation  

India and four other countries – China, Pakistan, Mexico and Iran — account for the most cropland in the world irrigated by dirty wastewater, putting millions of lives at serious health risks, new research has found.

The global use of untreated wastewater from cities to irrigate crops downstream is 50 per cent more widespread than previously thought, according to the study published in the journal Environmental Research Letters.

Researchers analysed data with geographic information systems (GIS).

Bank Unions to observe July 19 as ‘Save public sector banks’ day

The United Forum of Bank Unions has decided to observe July 19, the 48th anniversary of nationalisation of major banks, as 'Save public sector banks' day.

All members will wear a commemorative badge on the day, display posters in front of all branches, distribute leaflets and hold rallies/demonstrations at all centres across the country.

The main challenge that banks face today is the alarmingly increasing bad loans euphemistically known as non-performing assets.

Pradeep Kumar Rawat appointed Ambassador of India to Indonesia

Shri Pradeep Kumar Rawat (IFS: 1990) has been appointed as the next Ambassador of India to the Republic of Indonesia.

Currently he is Joint Secretary in the Ministry of External Affairs.

He is expected to take up the assignment shortly.

 Snooker: India clinches Asian championship

India’s leading cueist Pankaj Advani teamed up with Laxman Rawat to demolish Pakistan in the final of the Asian Team Snooker championship

While Pankaj Advani beat Mohammad Bilal 87(83)-5, Laxman Rawat beat Babar Masih 133(73)-0.

In doubles, Advani- & Rawat beat Bilal & Masih 70-55.

THE HINDU EDITORIAL: 7-JULY–2017

THE HINDU EDITORIAL

Déjà vu in Brazil

Brazil, Latin America’s largest economy, has been coasting along comfortably with record low inflation for a decade and healthy foreign direct investment to sustain the path of recovery from a recent recession. But the “Lava Jato” anti-corruption movement that rocked it three years back seems to be a long way from delivering on the promise of democratic and transparent governance. Inquiries into public fraud by politicians and captains of business have brought skeletons tumbling out of the cupboard. When Dilma Rousseff, then President, was impeached last year, it had appeared that the worst was over. But now the incumbent President, Michel Temer, has been indicted by Brazil’s top prosecutor. The script is sickeningly familiar. Ms. Rousseff was implicated over a scandal in the state-owned oil giant and its construction arm. The accusation against Mr. Temer is complicity in the authorisation of heavily subsidised public loans for a private corporation in return for political patronage. He has vehemently denied the charges, and termed the Lava Jato campaign, which he had once sympathised with, a witch hunt against political representatives. The course of the investigation against Mr. Temer is as yet uncertain. But his position appears far less precarious than that of his predecessor. The requisite vote in the lower House of Congress to authorise a criminal trial may not materialise eventually, as most members are themselves facing investigations. Representatives from his centre-right Brazilian Democratic Movement Party and Ms. Rousseff’s Workers’ Party have called for the resignation of Mr. Temer. But indications are that few have the appetite to precipitate the situation further. Moreover, upon Ms. Rousseff’s downfall, Mr. Temer, who was Vice-President then, had been catapulted to the country’s highest office. With the next presidential election scheduled for 2018, the search for a successor may not be easy. This continuing turmoil puts at risk assurances of reforms to Brazil’s labour laws and generous pension system. The controversial raising of the retirement age was seen as a major push to overhaul what was one of the world’s most envied social security programmes. Arguably, the Brazilian Left leaned too much towards an unsustainable populist agenda in the heady years of the commodities boom. But its counterparts on the Right appear ill-equipped to position themselves as a realistic alternative despite attempts to attract overseas investment. Like other nations in the region, Brazil badly needs a strong centre that is not tempted to tilt at the windmills of populism. That is the best chance of ensuring accountability to the people and engagement with the rest of the world.

Mr. Modi in Israel

While welcoming Prime Minister Narendra Modi to Tel Aviv, his Israeli counterpart, Benjamin Netanyahu, said his country had awaited the visit for “seventy years”. Since the birth in 1948 of Israel, whose admission to the UN India subsequently opposed, Israeli leaders had always sought full diplomatic ties. And once the Narasimha Rao government established full diplomatic ties in 1992, Israel pushed for full acknowledgement of bilateral relations on the international stage. As a result, the significance of Mr. Modi’s visit to Israel, as the first Indian Prime Minister there, was the trip itself. This was reflected in the camaraderie between the two Prime Ministers, who spent practically every waking moment together. The agreements signed during the visit, on water, agriculture, space and science and technology, are important no doubt, but not path-breaking. They simply underscore ongoing cooperation in such fields — as well as in the defence sector, India being one of the biggest buyers of Israeli military equipment. Cooperation on cyber-security issues, discussed by officials during Mr. Modi’s visit, constitutes a breakthrough of sorts, given that Israel tends to limit cooperation in this area to a few countries. A decision was announced to upgrade ties to a strategic partnership, signalling a final step to total normalisation of relations. Perhaps this is why Mr. Modi’s address to Israelis of Indian origin in Tel Aviv, with a promise to address visa issues and improve air connectivity, had an emotional pitch different from his meetings with the diaspora elsewhere in the world. However, the best friendships are judged not just by bilateral bonhomie, but by the ability to discuss uncomfortable issues. With Mr. Modi’s visit India has, for all purposes, de-hyphenated its ties with Israel and Palestine, something Israel has always wanted. In a clear repudiation of the Indian practice of keeping Palestinian leaders prominently in the loop, Mr. Modi made a point of not visiting the Occupied Territories. The departure was more prominent in the joint statement, that contained a short paragraph on the “Israel-Palestine” peace process, with no reference to UN resolutions, the two-state solution, or even the need to resume talks, that Mr. Modi had spoken of during the visit of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas to India just a couple of months ago. It would have been more in keeping with India’s stature on the international stage, and its particular leverage with all players in West Asia especially on Palestine, had Mr. Modi made a visible attempt to extract from Israel a commitment to the peace process. India’s evolving ties with Israel no doubt are based on pragmatism and the desire to eschew hypocrisy — but Mr. Modi has infused his visit with a symbolism and substance that could well mark a point of departure in India’s moral support to the Palestinian cause. By way of comparison, U.S. President Donald Trump visited Palestine too when he went to Israel in May.

Words

1) Diplomatic

Meaning: Acting in a way that does not cause offence.

Synonyms: Ambassadorial, Consular, Foreign-Policy

Antonyms: Indiscreet, Tactless

2) Camaraderie

Meaning: Mutual trust and friendship among people who spend a lot of time together.

Synonyms: Friendship, Comradeship, Fellowship

3) Diaspora

Meaning: The spreading of people from one original country to other countries.

Synonyms: Relocation, Resettling

4) Bonhomie

Meaning: Cheerful friendliness; geniality.

Synonyms: Geniality, Congeniality, Conviviality

Antonyms: Coldness

5) Repudiation

Meaning: To refuse to accept something or someone as true, good, or reasonable.

Synonyms: Rejection, Renunciation

Antonyms: Confirmation, Acknowledgement

6) Leverage

Meaning: The power to influence a person or situation.

Synonyms: Influence, Power, Authority

7) Eschew

Meaning: To avoid something intentionally, or to give something up.

Synonyms: Abstain From, Refrain From

Antonyms: Indulge in

8) Hypocrisy

Meaning: The practice of claiming to have higher standards or more noble beliefs than is the case.

Synonyms: Sanctimony, Pietism

Antonyms: Honesty, Sincerity

9) Infused

Meaning: To fill someone or something with an emotion or quality.

Synonyms: Fill, Pervade, Permeate

10) Inflation

Meaning: A general, continuous increase in prices.

Synonyms: Exaggeration, Overemphasis, Magnification

11) Tumbling

Meaning: To fall a lot in value in a short time.

Synonyms: Fall Sharply, Fall Steeply, Plummet

Antonyms: Rise, Soar

12) Impeached

Meaning: Call into question the integrity or validity of (a practice).

Synonyms: Indict, Charge, Accuse

Antonyms: Acquit, Confirm

13) Incumbent

Meaning: Officially having the named position.

Synonyms: Binding, Obligatory, Mandatory

Antonyms: Optional

14) Accusation

Meaning: To say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind.

Synonyms: allegation, charge, claim

15) Vehemently

Meaning: In a forceful, passionate, or intense manner; with great feeling.

Synonyms: Passionate, Forceful, Ardent

Antonyms: Mild, Apathetic

16) Precarious

Meaning: Not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse.

Synonyms: Uncertain, Insecure, Unreliable

Antonyms: Safe, Secure

17) Patronage

Meaning: The support given to an organization by someone.

18) Requisite

Meaning: Necessary or needed for a particular purpose.

Synonyms: Necessary, Required, Prerequisite

Antonyms: Optional, Unnecessary, Non-Essential

19) Precipitate

Meaning: To make something happen suddenly or sooner than expected.

Synonyms: Bring About, Hasty, Sudden

20) Catapulted

Meaning: To throw someone with great force/ To suddenly experience a particular state, such as being famous.

Synonyms: Propel, Launch, Hurl

21) Overhaul

Meaning: to repair or improve something so that every part of it works as it should.

Synonyms: Service, Maintain, Repair

22) Envied

Meaning: To wish that you had something that another person has.

Synonyms: Resentment, Best, Finest

Antonyms: Generosity