HH- BLOOD GROUP, A RARE BLOOD GROUP EVERYONE SHOULD KNOW

The h/h blood group, also known as Oh or the Bombay blood group, is a rare blood type. This blood phenotype was first discovered in Bombay, now known as Mumbai, in India, by Dr. Y. M. Bhende in 1952.

Problems with blood transfusion

The first person found to have the Bombay phenotype had an interesting blood type that reacted to other blood types in a way never seen before. The serum contained antibodies that reacted with all red blood cells' normal ABO phenotypes. The red blood cells appeared to lack all of the ABO blood group antigens and to have an additional antigen that was previously unknown.

Individuals with the rare Bombay phenotype (hh) do not express H antigen (also called substance H), the antigen which is present in blood group O. As a result, they cannot make A antigen (also called substance A) or B antigen (substance B) on their red blood cells, whatever alleles they may have of the A and B blood-group genes, because A antigen and B antigen are made from H antigen. For this reason people who have Bombay phenotype can donate red blood cells to any member of the ABO blood group system (unless some other blood factor gene, such as Rhesus, is incompatible), but they cannot receive blood from any member of the ABO blood group system (which always contains one or more of A and B and H antigens), but only from other people who have Bombay phenotype.

Receiving blood which contains an antigen which has never been in the patient's own blood causes an immune reaction due to the immune system of a hypothetical receiver producing immunoglobulins not only against antigen A and B, but also against H antigen. The most common immunoglobulins synthesized are IgM and IgG (and this seems to have a very important role in the low frequency of hemolytic disease of the newborn among non-Bombay offspring of Bombay mothers).

It is very important, in order to avoid any complications during a blood transfusion, to detect Bombay phenotype individuals, because the usual tests for ABO blood group system would show them as group O. Since Anti-H immunoglobulins can activate the complement cascade, it will lead to the lysis of red blood cells while they are still in the circulation, provoking an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. This, of course, cannot be prevented unless the lab technologist that is involved is aware of the existence of the Bombay blood group and has the means to test for it.

FERA V/S FEMA: Static Awareness

Dear Readers,

Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA) emerged as a replacement or say an improvement over the old Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1973 (FERA). Foreign investors, frequently hear the terms FERA and FEMA, when they deal with India. As their name specifies, FERA lays emphasis on the regulation of currencies, whereas the FEMA manages foreign exchange, i.e. Forex.

The first and foremost difference between FERA and FEMA is that the former requires previous approval of Reserve Bank of India (RBI), whereas the latter does not require RBI’s approval, except when the transaction is related to foreign exchange. Check out this article to know more differences between the two acts.

New Pattern for English: Quiz

Dear Readers,

Direction: In the passage given below words are given in bold, each followed by a number given in the brackets. Every word in bold has five alternatives. Find the word which best suits the place. If the given word suits the blank, mark 'no correction/change required' as the answer:

In the 1980s, ‘pseudo-secularism’ and ‘minority-ism’ were the two principal issues of Indian politics. These expressions, used by the BJP, denote grievances (1) of Muslims by the ruling Congress, and in subsequent decades, by regional forces.
A section of the Hindu majority also always felt secure (2) about it. This grief was shared by many Congress leaders as well. The Muslim leadership, too, in the name of marginalization from the structures of power and economy, pursued their politics almost exclusively for emotive identity-related issues of personal law, Urdu, Muslim universities, etc. Cultural identities were not defined in terms of regional, ethnic and linguistic diversities of the religious communities. At least on this particular issue, ‘secular’ politics, their Muslim leadership and the majoritarian communal politics were all on the same board. Playing the majoritarian communal card became easier for a Hindu team (3). The Muslim leadership asked for their conservatism to be preserved and safeguarded (4).Whatever they asked for was granted, all in the name of ‘secularism’. Muslim politics did not go beyond this, even though their uninterupted (5) under-representation in every sphere of education, economy and power continued.

1) Find out the appropriate word 1. 
a) irritation
b) enragement
c) placation
d) baleful
e) No correction required

IBPS SO 2017 CALL LETTER OUT

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IBPS SO IT OFFICER 2017 QUIZ

Q1. All Android phones and iPhones have access to a SQL (pronounced ‘sequel’) database called_______

(a) SQLite

(b) MySQL

(c) PostgreSQL 

(d) Microsoft SQL 

(e) All of the above. 

Q2. ______is the  a relatively new programming language designed by Microsoft for a wide range of enterprise applications that run on the .NET Framework. 

(a) RUBY on RAILS

(b) PYTHON

(c) JAVA

(d) C#(pronounced C-sharp)

(e) None of these

Q3. _______is a scripting language, running on the server, which can be used to create web pages written in HTML. 

(a) PHP (Hypertext Pre-Processor)

(b) Javascript

(c) Android

(d) Adobe

(e) None of the above

Q4. Which is a valid keyword in java?

(a) interface

(b) string

(c) Float

(d) unsigned

(e) all of the above

Q5. Which of the following package stores all the standard java classes?

(a) java.lang

(b) java.io

(c) util

(d) java.packages

(e) none of the above

SH- Current Affairs December 13, 2017

Dear SH Aspirants,
Study Daily Current Affairs and stay updated as well as prepare for General Awareness section of bank exams. It's time to gear up your preparations for IBPS/RBI/SBI/SSC and with the daily dose of current affairs, you can easily prepare G.A and score well.

INDIAN AFFAIRS
Rajasthan Cabinet to accord ‘fighters for democracy’ status to MISA detainees during Emergency period
The Rajasthan Cabinet has decided to accord those detained under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA) and Defence of India Rules (DIR) during Emergency period 1975-77 outside the state, the status of ‘fighters for democracy’.
Fighters for democracy status:
i. Parliamentary Affairs Minister Rajendra Rathore said, the detainees, most of them Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh leaders, will now be entitled to pension and other allowances after getting the status of ‘Loktantra Rakshak Sainani’.
ii. So far, only persons detained under MISA and DIR and kept in Rajasthan jails were given monthly pension of Rs 12,000 and a monthly allowance of Rs 1,200.
iii. The pension scheme’s name had been changed to Rajasthan Loktantra Senani Samman Nidhi.
About Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA):
♦ Passed – 1971
♦ Purpose – gave the administration of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and Indian law enforcement agencies super powers like indefinite preventive detention of individuals, search and seizure of property without warrants, and wiretapping

Three-day media workshop on Climate Change Reporting in Himalayas organised in Kohima
On 11^th December 2017, three-day media workshop on ‘Climate Change Reporting’ began in Kohima.
Three-day media workshop on Climate Change Reporting:
i. The workshop is jointly organised by the Indian Himalayas Climate Adaptation Programme (IHCAP) of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and Department of science and Technology (DST) in collaboration with Department of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, State Climate Change Cell, NASTEC and Centre for Media Studies (CMS).
ii. Annu Anand, head of advocacy at CMS announced the launch of a media fellowship programme under which four fellowships will be awarded to journalists to write about climate adaptation in the Indian Himalayan Region.
About Centre for Media Studies (CMS):
♦ Established – 1991
♦ Founder Chairman – Dr. N. Bhaskara Rao
♦ Director – Ms. P.N. Vasanti

Rajasthan becomes first in India to offer e-mail IDs in Hindi
Rajasthan has become the first state in India to offer free e-mail address in Hindi to its residents.
Rajasthan offers e-mail IDs in Hindi:
i. The facility —[email protected] (in Devanagari script) has been introduced by Rajasthan government. The first e-mail ID that was created was that of the Rajasthan chief minister, [email protected](in Devnagari).
ii. All the government personnel in Rajasthan will soon have an email id in Hindi too. The Hindi email ID is offered to all the Internet users.
iii. The project has been implemented by Rajasthan IT department with partnership in form of in-sourcing with private IT companies. Apart from people who use Hindi keyboard, the email also works for those who use English keyboard.
About National Parks of Rajasthan:
♦ Darrah National Park
♦ Desert National Park
♦ Ranthambore National Park

Reasoning: Quiz for RBI Assistant/ IBPS SO/

Dear Readers,

Directions (1-5): Study the following information and answer the questions given below: 

There are ten people i.e. A, B, C, D, E, P, Q, R, S and T who has seated on two parallel row, each row consist of six chairs. A, B, C, D, and E sit at 1st row which facing South direction and P,Q,R,S and T sits at row 2 which is facing north direction. They all like different professions i.e. Scientist, Chemist, Lawyers, Architect, Dentist, Engineers, Geologist, Physicians, Notaries and Pharmacists.

The one who likes Dentist sits opposite to P. The one who likes Scientist sits 3rd left of T. C does not sits at any extreme end. One seat is vacant exactly between P and Q. The one who likes Chemist sits 2nd from right end of the row 2. A faces vacant seat and D faces Q. There are 3 seat between S and Q who does not face the one who likes Lawyers. T sits opposite to the one who likes Engineers who sits at extreme end. E sits just right of one vacant seat. R faces the vacant seat that is 2nd right of A. The one who likes Lawyers faces the one who sits 4th to left of the one who likes Chemist. There is only one seat between the one who likes Dentist and Lawyers. The one who likes Notaries sits immediate right of the one who likes Physicians. The one who likes Physicians sits near to B. The one who likes Geologist faces the one who sits beside to vacant seat. The one who likes Architect, sits beside the one who faces the one who likes Dentist.

Q1. Who among the following likes Engineering profession?

(a) C

(b) E

(c) R

(d) S

(e) B